Causative Organisms

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Staph Aureus accounts for most exit site and tunnel infections^1-4. Pseudomonas is much less common, but is difficult to eradicate and frequently leads to peritonitis if catheter removal is delayed. Coagulase negative staphylococci, fungi and other Gram-positive organisms account for the remaining infections.

 

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References:

1. Swartz RD. Exit-site and catheter care: Review of important issues. Adv Perit Dial 15:201-204,1999
2. Gokal R, Alexander S, Ash S, Chen TW, Danielson A, Holmes C, Joffe P, Moncrief J, Nichols K, Piraino B, Prowant B, Slingeneyer A, Stegmayr B, Twardowski Z, Vas, S. Peritoneal catheters and exit-site practices: Toward optimum peritoneal access. Perit Dial Int 18:11-33,1998
3. Luzar M, Brown C, Balfi D, Hill L, Issad B, Monnier B, Moulart J, Sabatier JC, Wauquier JP, Peluso F. Exit-site care and exit-site infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD): Results of a randomized multicenter trial. Perit Dial Bull 10:2529, 1990
4. Coles G (Mupirocin study group). Nasal mupirocin prevents Staphylococcus aureus exit-site infection during PD. J Am Soc Nephrol 7:2403-7,1996